Análisis de las variables que intervienen en el agotamiento emocional de hombres en empresas comerciales
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El cansancio emocional es una afección que ha cobrado importancia debido al aumento de las expectativas laborales y a la ausencia de medidas eficaces para evitar el agotamiento. El presente estudio investiga la influencia del cansancio emocional en varones que trabajan en empresas comerciales. El objetivo principal de la investigación es conocer los factores que conducen al cansancio emocional, así como su conexión con las circunstancias laborales y la influencia que tiene en el rendimiento de las organizaciones. Además, se pretende investigar las políticas y procedimientos que se han puesto en marcha para abordar esta cuestión, así como el impacto que han tenido en el bienestar de los trabajadores. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una técnica mixta, que incluía instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Se administraron encuestas a los empleados para determinar el grado de cansancio emocional, y se realizaron entrevistas a directivos y psicólogos para conocer las perspectivas y prácticas de la empresa. Se realizaron 384 encuestas y 8 entrevistas a empresas ecuatorianas para constituir la muestra. Los resultados demuestran que una parte considerable de los trabajadores presenta signos moderados o altos que podrían evolucionar hacia el síndrome de burnout si no se actúa con prontitud, aunque la mayoría no reporta niveles críticos de desgaste emocional. Además, se observó que la eficacia de las políticas de apoyo emocional se ve reducida debido a su carácter informal o restringido. Las conclusiones subrayan lo importante que es formalizar programas de bienestar mental e incluir técnicas preventivas y de apoyo continuo para la mejora de salud mental de los empleados y también la productividad y la cohesión empresarial.
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